Qaitbay's Citadel

Introduction

The Citadel of Qaitbay is an ancient, striking medieval Islamic coastal fortress in Alexandria, a solid castle guarding the harbor on the Mediterranean—an important historical landmark built atop the ruins of one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, full of historical meaning. Built by Sultan Qaitbay of the Mamluk dynasty in the 15th century, it was a sturdy sea-defense fortress against enemies (especially Ottoman naval threats). Standing on a headland jutting into the Mediterranean at the harbor entrance, with walls, towers, courtyards and a main keep, it commands the city's sea gate and is among Alexandria's well-preserved medieval buildings and a signature landmark. Especially evocative is its site—built atop the ruins of the Lighthouse of Alexandria (Pharos), one of the Seven Wonders. That lighthouse was among the tallest, grandest structures of antiquity, guiding ships for over a thousand years, until it collapsed and sank in strong earthquakes. Reportedly, Qaitbay's builders reused some stones from the fallen lighthouse. From the citadel you enjoy the medieval fortress and open Mediterranean, and mourn the lost ancient wonder. Visiting Qaitbay is a historically meaningful Alexandria experience.

✨ Highlights

🛈 Practical Info